Efeitos de dieta suplementada com serragem de Pinus sp. miceliada com Pycnoporus sanguineus sobre o metabolismo de ratos diabéticos

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of metabolic dysfunctions which is characterized by problems related to secretion and/or action of insulin that results in hyperglycemia. Besides the complications related to diabetes, the association to dyslipidemia is frequent, which is characterized by changes in the standards of lipids and lipoproteins. Several compounds have been studied with the objective to assist the treatment of diabetes, especially substances that have come from natural sources. Mushrooms are sources of several compounds with different biological activities and many of these are used to complement the treatment of diseases. Furthermore, lignocellulosic residue may be used for the production of mushrooms, e.g. Pinus sp. sawdust. There are just a few studies concerning the biological properties from Pycnoporus sanguineus mycelium cultivated in solid state and the substrate for cultivation, Pinus sp. sawdust, especially in experimental model of diabetes. Having this in mind, this work had as its objective to evaluate the effects of diets supplemented with P. sanguineus mycelium and Pinus sp. sawdust over the metabolism of control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The animals were divided in six groups, being three control groups and three diabetic groups, treated with normal (commercial) ration, supplemented with P. sanguineus mycelium and Pinus sp. sawdust for a period of four weeks. The profile of consumption of liquid and ration and the effects over the biochemical and hematological parameters were evaluated. The results indicate that for the group of diabetic rats treated with supplemented ration with P. sanguineus mycelium and Pinus sp. sawdust there was a significant decrease in serum levels of total cholesterol in 20.64% and 15.42%, non-HDL cholesterol in 33.53% and 38.43% and triglycerides in 69.81% and 70.03%, respectively. Simultaneously there was a meaningful increase on HDL-cholesterol levels in 12.57% in the group of diabetic animals treated with 15 supplementation of Pinus sp. sawdust. There was evidence of some changes in hematologic standards due to supplementation. However, additional studies are required to clarify the action mechanisms and the components responsible for such effect of the two formulations applied.