Kãgran: o ensino da temática indígena nas escolas e os Kaingangs no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The culture of the gaucho indigenous peoples, especially the Kaingang ethnic group, their language, iconography and their ways of life, are the object of this dissertation. The research aims to analyze the iconographic findings, the kagrãs of this ethnic group and understand how this graphic language suffered muffled by the culture of non-Indians over time. The research was carried out from the bibliography of the gaucho writer Véra Stedile Zattera, especially on indigenous and traditionalist clothing, passing through the iconographic analyzes of Erwin Panofsky, based on the definitions of culture by Clifford Geertz and Roque de Barros Laraia. To understand aspects of ethnicity, oral interviews were carried out in the Kaingang community in Farroupilha, Rio Grande do Sul, as well as online questionnaires with teachers from public and private schools, to understand the difficulties in approaching the topic in the classroom. To support the development of this dissertation and to share the interfaces created, several products were developed: the first of them is an illustrated e-book telling the history of the indigenous gaucho ethnicities, their customs and culture, analyzing the graphics of the ancestral twins Kaingang Kainru and Kamé; the second product created is the design workshops to be reproduced in schools. To support the second product, a third product was developed, which is the production of videos teaching tips and processes of illustration and stamping. Finally, the fourth product, which is the project's digital media, created for the dissemination and sharing of the others. Thus, the set of products developed, in addition to making this research tangible, contribute to the preservation and dissemination of indigenous knowledge, emphasizing its symbolic and cultural representation for the knowledge of non-indians and recognition of indigenous people in schools. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]