Impacto da hospitalização no desenvolvimento motor de prematuros nascidos abaixo de 1.500g até os doze meses de idade corrigida

Abstract

Motor development results from the interaction of different factors, classified as biological, social, and environmental. Premature infants need regularity in neonatal intensive care due to the immaturity of the systems and being exposed to high hospitalization rates due to complications and associated risks. Objective: This study aimed to verify the effects of hospitalization on the motor development of preterm infants born below 1,500g up to twelve months of corrected age. Methodology: Analytical, cross-sectional research, where 100 very underweight preterm babies enrolled in the High-Risk Outpatient Clinic of the Clinical Center of the University of Caxias do Sul participated. The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) was used to evaluate children?s motor development. Descriptive statistics and the Spearman correlation test (p<0.05) were used. Results: Considering the motor performance, 34 children with delay, 25 with suspected delay, and 41 with normality were evaluated. Children with delay and suspected delay showed greater exposure to hospital factors. A significant correlation was observed between motor development and hospitalization time (p=0.03). Gestational age and birth weight showed a significant correlation with hospital factors (p=0.00). Conclusion: In the present study, it was found that hospitalization impacts the motor development of premature children with very low birth weight. The longer the hospitalization and use of respiratory devices, the lower the gestational age and birth weight and the worse the motor performance of the children. [resumo fornecido pelos autores]