Práticas não farmacológicas durante o trabalho de parto e a importância do papel do enfermeiro: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Labor-induced pain is deemed as a physiological and natural aspect of the whole process. In order to obtain control over the situation and lessen the pain, non-pharmacological methods are incentivized by the Ministry of Health and can be employed by nurses during the birth assistance. To analyze, based on the specialized bibliography, how nursing care is carried out when it includes non-pharmacological methods to relieve pain during child birth. It's a kind of unifying bibliographical review, with a qualitative approach. The document research was done on the following database: BVS between March, 2023 and June, 2023. After a more refined screening, nine documents were selected, since they met the criteria for both inclusion and exclusion and produced results referring to the usage of non-pharmacological methods offered by the nurse during childbirth to reduce the pain of the mothers. the Bardin method was used. The results were pre-analyzed, studied and treated with inference and interpretation. Regarding the role of nursing, assistance and support are mentioned more frequently, highlighting the importance of using non-pharmacological methods, resulting in a reduction of invasive procedures. Regarding the non-pharmacological methods, it has been observed that the following techniques were more prevalent: ambulation, respiratory exercises, Swiss ball and shower aspersion. The role of the nurse has been proven essential during assistance, making the process more humane and comfortable, respecting the physiological, emotional and cultural aspects, reducing the number of invasive procedures and making childbirth mare dignified and natural. The employment of non-pharmacological practices resulted in less pain, greater well-being, active participation of the mothers and a progression of child birth. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]