Influência do lubrificante em corte por cisalhamento de chapa aço carbono

Abstract

Most forming processes involve contact between two or more surfaces and a lubricant between them. Friction occurs when there is relative movement between a forming tool and the material being deformed. The occurrence of friction in forming processes leads to unnecessary energy consumption, which can often be reduced simply by changing the lubricant. In general, friction is associated with negative aspects in mechanical forming as it results in energy consumption, tool wear, and increased temperature in the tool. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different types of lubricants in the application of the forming process, aiming to achieve better cutting performance and increased tool life. Experiments were conducted by varying five types of lubricants: two mineral-based and three synthetic-based, to assess the punch life span. The tests took place in a production environment using a 300-ton servo-controlled press, a stamping tool with a defined cutting clearance, a lubricant sprayer with temperature control, and controlled oil application on the formed parts. For each test round, 10,000 pieces were formed in each experiment. The following parameters were evaluated: punch edge wear, burr height generated on the piece, and variation in cutting force between the beginning and the end of the experiment. At the end of this study, the lubricant that exhibited the longest tool life and the best cost-effectiveness was chosen. With this study, the method for conducting new and future cutting lubricant tests was defined for the company that provided the experiments. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]