Ética e responsabilidade em Hans Jonas: os desafios do individualismo e do consumismo

Abstract

The present master's thesis aims to investigate to what extent Hans Jonas's thought contributes to contemplating a way of life beyond technoscience, which, alongside anthropocentric, hedonistic, and consumerist thinking, has generated hitherto unimaginable and catastrophic implications, threatening the future of the planet and future generations. Our problem is to delve into how science and then technoscience have become a threat to humanity and what tools or what kind of ethics we have at our disposal to prevent humanity from becoming a disaster for itself. Thus, the work seeks to explore the contributions of the thinker Hans Jonas in formulating a new way of life, addressing the need for responsibility in the face of the unlimited power of technoscience, as well as the need to balance economic progress with respect for the environment. Our study is of a theoretical-exegetical nature, based on Jonas's Principle of Responsibility, aiming to contribute to the understanding of contemporary ethical challenges. The text proposes a historical analysis of the evolution of knowledge, highlighting the transformation of technique into technology. Subsequent chapters explore the Baconian ideal of nature domination, the impacts of irresponsible consumption on the environment, and, finally, an approach to the principle of responsibility as an ethics for technological civilization. The dissertation reinforces the need for clarity and wisdom in the face of the bifurcation we find ourselves in, while virtues such as prudence return to a central role if we want to ensure life for future generations. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]