Aspectos epigenéticos do envelhecimento cutâneo

Abstract

Skin aging is the most visible manifestation of biological aging. Due to the increase in longevity and the complexity involved in skin aging processes, this topic has been the subject of intensive studies. The processes responsible for the appearance of signs of aging are mostly determined by epigenetic changes. Considering the importance of the subject, the general objective of this study focused on identifying the epigenetic factors that influence skin aging and help in the search for strategies to regulate this process. The methodology applied in this study is descriptive in nature, with a narrative bibliographic review procedure. The database used was exclusively PubMed, prioritizing more recent studies, published between 2014 and 2024. The epigenetic mechanisms that are associated with skin aging include: DNA methylation (deoxyribonucleic acid); the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs); and histone modifications. DNA methylation is a fundamental process for preserving the tooth and self-renewal of skin progenitor cells. MiRNAs are considered important regulators that participate in cellular senescence and skin aging. The activity of histones is directly related to the activation and silencing of genes. Epigenetics has proven to be a promising field of study. The clarifications on epigenetic biomarkers allow us to elucidate the processes that are involved in skin aging. Knowledge of these processes makes it possible to develop anti-aging interventions that will be effective in reducing biological age and even reversing the visible signs of aging. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]