Elaboração de modelo-ficha de patrimônios históricos a preservar : levantamentos técnicos e abordagens histórico-socioculturais

Abstract

This research for the Professional Masters in History aims to methodologically formulate a record model for the complete description of buildings to be preserved for its history and socio-cultural importance in the communities they belong to. This record of architectural and historical indicators is a form model that is the resulting product of the study performed. In order to formulate the model-form, concepts such as memory, identity and culture were analyzed. Conceptualizing, also, in an appropriate way, terms such as tangible and intangible heritage, and analyzing the existing report models, it was possible to develop a more coherent and convincing record model, which will assist in data records for the preservation of buildings of historical importance. The explanation of these concepts complements the undergraduate studies for architects and urban planners, who have a superficial knowledge in this area. The model-form, once formatted, was presented to four Municipal Councils of Architectural Heritage and Cultural History. Then, it was validated by the present members of the councils. This material will guide the professional architects, urban planners and historians that take part in the councils to produce dimensional and photographic materials and detailed surveys of real estate and urban centers, in order to add the immaterial history to inventoried buildings, that can be preserved. For practical application and testing of the parameters, the case study of the village KM2 was analyzed. KM2 is an urban ensemble that was deployed by the railway battalion of Bento Gonçalves, on the border of the railroad. This local was chosen because it was a small social nucleus with its own life, independent from Bento Gonçalves (belonging to the line of Matos Verissimo). There occurred social, work and trade activities – and there also lived a different community that even today remember these periods of great happiness. Thus, under the direct observation of this community, it was possible to test the indicators, understanding how necessary it is to investigate and treat other historical buildings, being despised by communities, that end up deteriorating and being demolished. The act of preserving also need to go through the educational process and certainly the superior heritage education for architects and urban planners with a view to the near future, which will require these professionals to know, in depth, early history, preservation and restoration. Complement the proposed study for the Professional Masters in History the reflective analysis on the experience gained through contacts with the four municipalities councils and also the survey obtained through visits to four municipal councils. The record model to be filled with historical value of real estate will bring new guidelines to tell the stories of the cities, hidden in the past of the walls of these buildings.