Análise termodinâmica de uma caldeira de água na indústria

Abstract

The burning of fossil fuels is a process highly used in global industry since its development in the industrial revolution, with a significant impact on the technological advances that occurred during this period. However, because it is a limited and non-renewable resource, and causes severe damage to the environment, more and more companies are looking to invest more in new technologies or the development of systems that operate more efficiently and economically. The objective of this work is to analyze the operating process of a hot water boiler, using natural gas as fuel, to seek the operating model in which it operates at high efficiency, to reduce possible costs of using raw materials, and maintaining the quality and quantity of energy required for the company's operations. An energy and exergy efficiency analysis will be carried out, as well as a mass balance for the operation of this boiler and new input data will be proposed for better system operation. Based on the variation in the inlet and outlet temperature used in the real operating model, an improvement was identified in the utilization of energy and exergy from fuel oxidation. As a result, better efficiency in the use of raw materials was achieved. There was a 7,14% improvement in energy utilization and a 4,70% increase in the exergy efficiency of the boiler combustion process. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]