Justiça de transição, direitos humanos e memória na gestão brasileira da pandemia da COVID-19

Abstract

This study, grounded in research with an emphasis on Contemporary History, focuses on analyzing the institutional stance of the Brazilian state in managing the COVID-19 pandemic from February 2020 to December 2022. The objective is to investigate whether the state's modus operandi constitutes a new case of Transitional Justice in Brazil, prompting the pursuit of the right to truth, memory, and justice, similar to what occurred during the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship, a period marked by numerous violations of fundamental human rights perpetrated by the National State. The study adopts a methodological approach based on bibliographic research, encompassing Brazil?s historical context before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as an analysis of the topic through academic works in the fields of law, historiography, and public health. Additionally, documentary research is conducted using digital media sources, including websites of governmental, legislative, and judicial bodies. The research follows an interdisciplinary methodological framework, aiming to foster dialogue between the fields of Historical Science (and its teaching) and Law, as the subject matter navigates both domains of knowledge. In this regard, the study examines the significant issue of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of its historiographical implications, its developments, and its connection with Transitional Justice. The objective is to provide the necessary tools to ensure the protection and effectiveness of fundamental human rights while preserving the memory of the pandemic in Brazil. As results, multiple indications of governmental violations of such rights (including the right to information, life, and health) were identified. These violations led to recommendations for the indictment of state officials for criminal offenses, the prosecution of those responsible for state management, and the conviction of Brazil in an International Tribunal for crimes against humanity. Finally, as the study?s final product, it is proposed that a cordel (a traditional form of Brazilian popular poetry) based on this research be used as an educational tool in high school classrooms. This aims to encourage students to reflect on the critical period of the pandemic in Brazil and its repercussions, fostering historical awareness of the subject and underscoring the importance of preserving its memory. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]