O uso de agrotóxicos e a prevalência de neoplasias no município de Vacaria/RS

Abstract

The relationships between the use of pesticides and the prevalence of neoplasms among people directly or indirectly exposed, the quality of life and the commitment of the environment have been the object of study and interest of public agencies, researchers and society worldwide. The objective of this work is to compare the evidence of the use of pesticides and neoplasms among the Brazilian population in general, the population of Rio Grande do Sul, the population of the Municipality of Vacaria and the surrounding regions. The research consisted of a cross-sectional and documentary study, with epidemiological data obtained from the Department of Statistics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), the National Cancer Institute (INCA), SINAN / RS (Information System for Non- SINAN-Net), of the State Health Secretariat RS / DVE / CEVS - State Center for Health Surveillance, in the last ten years. The results show that the regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul that presented the most cases of exogenous poisoning were Vinhedos and Basalto, followed by Lajeado, Cachoeira do Sul and Passo Fundo. The Health Regions with the highest numbers of deaths due to neoplasms were: the Capital / Gravataí Valley region with 21.74%, the South region with 9.34% and Vale Caí / Metropolitana with 6.06%, followed by the Vale region of Bells with a percentage of 5.68% of the total of the State. The exogenous poisonings related to the use of chemical products, in the municipality of Vacaria, had as main cause the medicines, followed by the pesticides. The results of the study point to a variety of substances that are responsible for the prevalence of cancer in all age groups. In the period from 2006 to 2015 Brazil presented 1,991,813 cases of neoplasms, corresponding to a rate of 1.04% of the Brazilian population. The state of RS presented 181,973 cases of neoplasms with a percentage of 1.70% of the state population. The micro-regions of Health of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, as object of this study, such as Caxias do Sul, Gramado-Canela, Guaporé, Passo Fundo, Sananduva and Vacaria, presented a percentage of 1.42% of deaths due to neoplasms. Comparing the results, the micro-region that had a higher rate of deaths due to neoplasms was Sananduva (P <0.0001), with a percentage of 1.64%, followed by Vacaria with 1.42%. The results, comparing Brazil and RS, show that the prevalence rate of cases of neoplasms is 1.63, as well as that the Municipality of Vacaria has no greater number of deaths due to neoplasms in relation to the surrounding microregions.