Análise da qualidade de vida dos pacientes portadores de disfunção temporomandibular: um estudo piloto

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is one of the major causes of oral-facial pain with non-odontogenic origen, it may cause disturbs in masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints, headache, disturbance in jaw movements and sounds in joints while opening and closing the mouth. Given the number of people affected by TMD's and its association with depression, physical and mental health, the TMD should be analyzed from a perspective that includes psychological and behavioral aspects. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the oral pain impact in the quality of life of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients. The qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample by convenience of 32 individuals referred to the TMD Extention at the University of Caxias do Sul Dental School over September and November 2019. The patients answered Axis I and II of RDC/TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) and the OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) and the collected data were used to the frequency and statistics analysis at the IBM SPSS version 22. Among the 32 patients studied, there was a prevalence of 40,6% with a diagnosis of reduced disc displacement, followed by osteoarthritis (34,4%). Besides, chronic pain of high intensity and low disability, as well as grade III depression, were present in most f the evaluated population. The quality of life had a higher average impact on the domains related to psychological discomfort (1,244) and psychological disability (1.023). Also in the scoring scale, 40,6% of the patients had a poor impact on QOL. The quality of life individuals in this study was more affected in the psychological aspects, requiring a larger sample to make a correlation between the collected data (sic).