Liberdade e justiça em John Rawls e Robert Nozick

Abstract

This dissertation has as its theme the relationship between the concepts of freedom and justice developed by John Rawls (Justice as Fairness) and Robert Nozick (Libertarianism). Both authors talk about similar subjects and take equivalent starting points, but the weight given to the plurality of worldviews between individuals in a society differs notably between Rawls and Nozick, leading to different conclusions. In the carried-out analysis, I sought to identify the points of congruence and divergence in the conceptual relationships between the authors. I assessed in both theoretical propositions the extent to which (and to what extent) individuals, whether they are citizens or political institutions, can interfere through their actions in each other's freedoms and how just these interferences are. At the end of the dissertation, I sought to find the ideal balance between freedom and justice in a society, pointing out that the greater the morality of its people, the smaller the State can be and, consequently, its interference in the lives of individuals.