Efeito do tratamento da microgeometria de brocas helicoidais de metal-duro sobre a integridade superficial dos furos

Abstract

This work studied the effect of the meso and microgeometry of drills treatment on the surface integrity. The drilling process presents characteristics that render it a unique process under the thermal and mechanical severities viewpoint. In order to reduce the observed severities on process and upgrade the contact condition between tool/workpiece, methods of surface treatment has been applied, that exhibits satisfactory results. The machined hole is subject to the severe contact with the tool, especially on the drill corner, providing a friction condition and, therefore, heat generation. The generated surface is characterized by several phenomena of different natures and effects, defining the surface integrity condition. Plastic deformations, phase transformations, roughness, texture, waviness, alteration of the hardness profile and residual stresses are common examples of alterations observed after the machining. The lubricant fluid removal leads to more severe machining conditions, under the thermal viewpoint, fact that affects the interaction between the tools with the machined surface. In this focus, were performed experimental tests with tungsten carbide tools, coated with aluminum titanium nitride (TiAlN), with four configurations of meso and micrometry of the tools: original of factory, sharpened, polished with abrasive brushes and drag finishing surface treatment. As analysis it was evaluated the surface integrity of the beginning and end of the hole, through the characterization of the roughness and texture, affected layer and material hardness profile, assisted by the temperature on the workpiece. Results showed that the tool geometry condition, interaction of the tool contact regions with the hole and the chip generated during the process have an elevated effect on the roughness, texture, temperature and plastic deformations.