Influência da geometria sobre o rendimento de bocais injetores de turbinas tesla no escoamento compressível supersônico

Abstract

Nozzles with convergent-divergent geometry are designed and manufactured for the establishment of supersonic flows. The main objective of this work is to verify the variation of isentropic efficiency depending on the geometry of the diverging section of the nozzle. These nozzles are designed with geometries suitable for installation in Tesla turbines. Ten nozzles are designed using two distinct considerations: one-dimensional isentropic flow and two-dimensional isentropic flow (characteristic method). The flow nozzles were analyzed using air as the working fluid. The design of the nozzles was conducted to an inlet pressure of 500 kPa of the working fluid in the converging section. Moreover, the nozzles have been designed for two mass flow rates: 55 to 70 kg/h. From the tests was found a good agreement between the experimental results and the values predicted by theory. In all nozzles designed supersonic speeds were observed in their different sections. For both mass flows used, Mach number ranged between 1.50±0.1 and 1.58±0.1 in the exit of the diverging section were obtained. In the design condition nozzles designed from the characteristic method exhibited higher isentropic efficiencies isentropic. Accordingly of these condition the highest isentropic eficiencies obtained were 87.23±0.5% from mass flow rate of 55kg/h and 87.73±0.5% from 70 kg/h. From the Schilieren technique was possible to prove the presence of shock waves in the discharge nozzles, which contribute to the irreversibilities associated with the flow. The results show that nozzles designed appropriately can increase the overall efficiency (turbine + nozzle) of cycles which use turbines Tesla.