Avaliação do teor dos aditivos estabilizantes e das propriedades mecânicas em compostos elastoméricos para lateral de pneu de passeio submetidos ao envelhecimento natural e acelerado

Abstract

This study aims at analysing the ideal rate of two stabilizers in elastomeric compounds, used in tires that require a long-term performance, submitted to different kinds of aging. The resistance to the aging can be achieved by using primary and secondary stabilizers. For this study, the primary stabilizers selected and tested in different quantities, have been the 6PPD N-1,3 dimethyl-butyl-N’-phenyl-pphenylenediamine and the TMQ (2,2,4 - trimethyl-oligomerized quinoline) in an elastomeric formulation to the side of tire. Nine mixtures have been prepared with 0,5; 1,5 and 2,5 phr (parts by hundred of elastomer) of 6PPD, combined with 0,5; 1,0 and 1,5 phr of TMQ, totaling nine mixtures. The compounds have been submitted to three accelerated aging processes: thermal-oxidative in heater, with air flow to 70°C; photochemical in UV chamber, to 60°C and to ozone, 40°C, concentration of 50 pphm. In addition, the samples have been aged naturally for 440 days. In predetermined time intervals, the samples have been removed and the mechanical properties (stress at breaking and stretching and resistance to tearing) have been analysed. The gas chromatography has been used to quantify the percentage of 6PPD, before and after the aging processes. The natural aging has not presented significant changes to the mechanical properties, even the fact that there has been gradual consumption of the 6PPD. The samples which have been submitted to the thermal-oxidative aging have presented the highest loss of mechanical properties (resistance to tearing and stress at breaking) and in the percentage of 6PPD. Therefore, it has been the most significant test to define the best combination of the stabilizers: 2,5 phr of 6PPD and 1,0 of TMQ. In the accelerated agings in ozone chamber and photochemical in UV chamber, lower percentages of stabilizers have already ensured the conservation of the properties. There has not been significant consumption of 6PPD for both of these accelerated agings.