Esquemas iniciais desadaptativos e medo de dirigir em mulheres

Abstract

Driving fear is a psychological condition that occurs predominantly in women, harming work and social life, affecting autonomy and self-esteem. This study aimed to investigate possible relation between early maladaptive schemas (EMS's) and driving fear in women. Method: a quantitative, explanatory-exploratory cross sectional data research. The sample consisted of 176 women with National Driving License, from Caxias do Sul, with no physical restriction for driving, divided in two groups: 88 women with driving fear (group I) and 88 women without driving fear (group II). The instruments used, with online formulary, were a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Driving Cognitions Questionnaire (DCQ) and the Young Schema Questionnaire - Short Form (YSQ-S3). Answers were evaluated using a statistical analysis program, according to sample symmetry or asymmetry. Participants were predominantly married, with children, white, of Catholic religion, with average age of 37,19 ± 11,7 in group I and 36,58 ± 12,34 in group II. Group I presented less time with the National Driving License and an older age to get it. Both groups have access to a car, with group II presenting more frequency on the wheel and less temporal distance related to the last time they drove than group I. Group II presented higher incidence in traffic accidents and less temporal distance related to the fact, although group I presented more physical damage. Most participants with driving fear have the desire to drive more and notice disadvantages for not driving, being that 57,9% of the interviewees sought some kind of help. It was possible to identifiy statistically significant difference beetween groups in the schemas of abandonment, mistrust/abuse, emotional deprivation, social isolation/alienation, dependence/incompetence, insufficient self-control/self-discipline, subjugation, self-sacrifice and negativity, being higher in group I. The hypotheses that women with driving fear present higher schemas than women without driving fear and that those schemas have a relationship with driving fear were confirmed, discussing the implication of these results. New studies that can evaluate the perceptions of women with driving fear are suggested, complementing the points discussed in this study. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]