Aspectos imaginológicos de contato e posição do terceiro molar incluso com o canal mandibular: um estudo com a radiografia panorâmica e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico

Abstract

Dental procedures have different risks associated with their performance. For extraction of the lower third molar, the standard exam requested, in order to reduce possible operative complications, is a panoramic radiography. The literature describes some signs in panoramic radiographs that indicate contact between the inferior alveolar nerve and the roots of the lower third molars. The main objective of the present study is to identify the imaging aspects of Panoramic Radiography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, in relation to the contact and position of the roots of an impacted third molar with the mandibular canal. The methodology is characterized as a retrospective research, where we collected samples using the computer database from the Radiology Clinic of the University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) and a private clinic in the city of Caxias do Sul. The results include the sample that is composed of 102 exams of PRs and TCFCs. Of the 102 exams, it was identified from the CBCTs that 39 (38.23%) were in contact with the inferior alveolar nerve. Of these, (53.84%) correspond to element 38 and (46.15%) to element 48. All are in the vestibular position. (61.54%) are in mesionagular inclination, (30.76%) in horizontal inclination, (2.56%) in vertical, distoangular and vertical/inferior inclination. We concluded that in 89.74% of the 39 exams that presented contact, we observed the 7 signs and also, we found between 3 and 6 associated signs, identified in the PR. That is, the presence of associated signs seems to indicate greater possibilities of contact between the inferior alveolar nerve and the inferior third molar, which can be confirmed in CBCT. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]