Governança em sistemas locais de saúde : estudo do sistema de saúde de Caxias do Sul

Abstract

The Local Health Systems, as processes of regionalization, seek maximum effectiveness and efficiency, requiring new ways of management.In this context, being understood as a new way of thinking about the shared and democratic management, the term governance emerges from the analysis carried out mainly by the World Bank, "in order to deepen the knowledge of the conditions that ensure an efficient State" (Diniz, 1995). Thus, this study considered the literature of Governance for the analysis of local health systems, and used its concept and application, to conduct a case study, with the actors that are part of the Health System in Caxias do Sul (SSCX), followed by obtaining information about the relations of governance between these actors, trying to establish there is relations of governance between them. This study was qualitative and quantitative, and qualitative part was divided into two stages. In the first stage of the qualitative part were interviewed representatives of the main actors of the health system identified in the literature, such as: The 5th Regional Health District, the Municipal Health Council and the University of Caxias do Sul. In the second stage of the qualitative part, were interviewed representatives of the actors most significant, as indicated in the first stage of the study. The part of the exploratory interviews, the qualitative character, was made from a semi-structured questionnaire, where the data collected were analyzed using interpretation through of the technique in which the data were described, analyzed and summarized, allowing the interpretation of the information obtained in order to identify governance relations between the actors of SSCX. After, were performed the quantitative research, where data collection occurred with the application of a structured questionnaire, constructed from the principles of governance, in which their questions presented as response options a tabulation based on the Likert scale, with agreement options 1-5. In this questionnaire, the respondents pointed out the option of the scale regarding their perception of the governance of SSCX, where 1 represents no response and 5 representing higher than expected and, within this range, with options ranging from a end to the other. These questionnaires were tabulated, interpreted and analyzed. The qualitative study, along with the quantitative, allowed to analyze the relations between actors SSCX, selected for the study, showing, among the players selected, governance relations maintained between them, and what form of governance.