Avaliação do efeito da adição de compostos orgânicos e inorgânicos como aditivos retardantes de chama não halogenados na flamabilidade do polipropileno

Abstract

Fires cause damage to life and financial losses. In view of the high flammability of polymeric materials and their growing use by industry, further studies to reduce their flammability are required. This work seeks to develop samples of polypropylene with the addition of different non-halogenated flame retardants. The flame retardants of choice were sodium lignosulphonate and titanium dioxide. For sample preparation, a torque rheometer was used, followed by compression molding. The materials were evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific mass, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fire reaction. The development of samples consisted of the formulation of six different compositions, PP, PP/50TiO2, PP/50LGNa, PP/37,50TiO2/12,5LGNa, PP/25TiO2/25LGNa and PP/12,5TiO2/37,5LGNa. In the evaluation by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) it can be observed that PP has a flat and homogeneous surface while samples with TiO2 show changes in PP morphology and samples with LGNa have a smooth appearance and are well dispersed in the polymer matrix, but no adhesion occurs. In the specific mass tests, it can be observed that the samples have potential for application as dividing boards in civil construction, since the addition of loads did not result in a significant increase in this property. Thermorgravimetric analysis demonstrated that the addition of TiO2 50% by mass leads to temperature increase of 3% of mass loss, when compared to the PP sample. While the addition of LGNa 50% in mass showed a reduction in both T3% Pd and T peak 2 when compared to PP. However, the samples did not show favorable conditions in the fore reaction test, and it was not possible to classify the samples according to the UL-94 standard. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]