Desenvolver cadeia de suprimentos local ou global : um estudo de caso do processo decisório no Grupo Marcopolo

Abstract

The complexity of the globalized and competitive market leads the companies to the search for the optimization of processes, costs reduction and achievement of economies of scale, not only in production but also in support areas, such as Purchasing and Logistics. The supply chain management, therefore, is in the center of attention of these organizations, for representing a competitive advantage and efficient growth opportunity factor, both in local and global market of products and services. In this context, it is important to develop longterm relationships between customers and suppliers and, for this purpose, supply management should be prioritized as a system capable of adding value to organizations. Allied to this approach, this project aimed on analyzing the criteria in the decision of supplying globally or developing a local supply chain at Marcopolo Group. For this reason, it was developed a study of a qualitative case in three companies of different countries, Brazil, Mexico and Colombia, having the Kraljic Matrix, as a reference. In order to achieve this goal, the most relevant criteria, such as competitivity, internal availability, quality of products, supply risk and impacts on lucrativity, were developed. The most significant challenges are the cultural differences, knowledge of markets and restrict negotiation power with big suppliers. The classification of the material purchased is under improvement, but the segregation of decision by Criticity (appearance, safety, functional and quality), Complexity, Variability, Standardization and Customized Design can be already noticed. The researched companies have autonomy for purchasing, but the corporate strategies have an effective impact on these decisions. The findings of this project might be used to guide the companies on the analysis of their deficiencies, exploitation of emergent opportunities and for support to the decisions of the companies that might venture into global sourcing or seek new supply sources, obtaining competitive advantages and, in this way, being prepared to face global competitors.