Os direitos dos agricultores tradicionais e familiares no Brasil e a conservação da agrobiodiversidade on farm

Abstract

In this dissertation, the objective is to evaluate the extent to which applicable national and international standards on agrobiodiversity conservation carried out by traditional and family farmers protect on-farm conservation systems, simultaneously contributing to the conservation of native, local and and with the guarantee of rights to these farmers. The problem that guided this investigation can be formulated as follows: to what extent do the legal frameworks applicable to the production of local and traditional creole varieties ensure rights to traditional and family farmers and result in the protection of on-farm cultivation systems in Brazil? To achieve the desired result, bibliographic data was collected, whose selected material includes documents and legislation from government sites, academic and scientific productions, physical and digital books. The epistemological orientation is dialectical, having used, however, the deductive method for the analysis and interpretation of norms. Although there are positive aspects regarding legal initiatives to protect traditional, local and creole seeds, agroecology and family farming, the legal system is predominantly hostile to on-farm cultivation systems. The legislation offers few guarantees to traditional and family farmers. Public policies have tended to favor the intensive, standardized and standardized production model, based on monocultures destined for export, responsible for leveraging the Brazilian gross domestic product. On the other hand, traditional, local and creole production methods of agrobiodiverse and polyculture varieties have been devalued, which are essential for the conservation and sustainable use of genetic diversity, for the maintenance of ecological processes and food security for the human species. . As a response to the research problem, the legal frameworks applicable to the conservation of creole, local and traditional varieties do not guarantee, to a certain extent, full rights to traditional and family farmers, although there are some provisions in law, the same does not result from a in general, an ideal protection for on-farm cropping systems, since this protection is occasional and quite precarious. We have, then, that it is the responsibility of the public power to implement policies to protect agrobiodiversity in on-farm cultivation systems, as a condition for the preservation of the diversity and integrity of the Brazilian genetic heritage, as well as the distribution of income and food and nutritional security. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]