Estudo da variabilidade espacial de atributos de solo, vigor de plantas e qualidade de cacho na produção de Niágara Rosada no município de Esmeralda RS

Abstract

The use of precision fruit growing is recent in Brazil. It uses tools adapted from precision agriculture that allow checking the spatialization of a certain parameter sampled through so-called thematic maps. The objective of this work was to map the spatial variability of soil chemical and physical attributes, plant vigor attributes and berry quality attributes in Niágara Rosada in the municipality of Esmeralda-RS. The experiment was carried out in a commercial Niagara Rosada vineyard with an area of 2000 m2 in the 2021/2022 season. The experimental area was divided into 4 (repetitions) grids of approximately 500 m2. In each grid, 6 plants were marked and georeferenced, and the 4 central ones were used to collect the attributes of plant vigor and berry quality. For soil chemical attributes, 10 subsamples were made per grid with a georeferenced central point to compose the sample. For soil physical attributes, 10 georeferenced samples were made. The results were evaluated with descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The attributes that showed spatial variability were interpolated by the Kriging method and those that did not show by the weighted distance method (IDW). The chemical and physical attributes of the soil did not show spatial variability and were interpolated by the IDW method. The attributes of vigor and berry quality, with the exception of soluble solids, showed spatial variability and were interpolated by the kriging method. It is possible to work with precision fruit growing with the variables that presented spatial variability in small areas. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]