Formas de ocupação no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul e o zoneamento como meio de mitigação das adversidades ambientais

Abstract

It is of human nature for people to live in clusters in certain spaces. Cities were formed naturally, without being idealized, valuing only what humans needed to explorer the natural conditions of the place to be populated. Therefore, without proper planning, contemporary cities began developing many planning problems, which includes environmental adversities. The evolution of these cities also represent a retrogress because excessive exploitation of its natural resources results on its own degradation and, consequently, human degradation as well. Sustainable development emerges in the global scenario as an alternative to conciliate between economical and population growth and environmental protection. Although it's a global desire, it should be searched at a local level, in a manner that is closer to society's reality. In Brazil, through constitutional determinations in 1988, urban planning by the municipalities is viable, upon the legal instruments available. The present study is developed on the topic of urban planning and environmental transformations suffered by the rapid population densification, with answers to the following questions: How does the norther coastal municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul react to population density? How will planning be able to promote environmental preservation? In this sense, through the comparative method, with analysis by means of intentional samples of the municipalities of Capão da Canoa, Tramandaí and Torres, the assumptions were confirmed that the region has inadequate structure to meet the demand and basic services, however there is a legislation update for reorganizing and planning, aimed to improve these cities. Thus, the importance of local planning was verified.