Atividade biológica de extratos de Piper aduncum e Piper hispidinervum sobre Anticarsia gemmatalis e Spodoptera frugiperda

Abstract

Piper aduncum found naturally in the Amazon and in southeastern Brazil and Piper hispidinervum Acre native are known for their secondary metabolites with biological activity on insects. Among the main insect pests associated with agricultural production, stand out Anticarsia gemmatalis and Spodoptera frugiperda. This study evaluated the effects of extracts hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol leaves of P. aduncum and P. hispidinervum on mortality, length of larval and pupal periods, weight, width and length of the pupae of A. gemmatalis and S. frugiperda. The larval mortality A. gemmatalis and S. frugiperda was affected by the extracts P. aduncum and P. hispidinervum. Mortality rates in A. gemmatalis with P. hispidinervum assays were 100% (hexane and ethyl acetate) to LC50 of 2.34 and 4.93 mg / mL, respectively, followed by P. aduncum extracts 93,3% (hexane) and 90% (ethyl acetate) LC50 of 6.35 and 5.79 mg / mL, respectively. With the ethanolic extracts of both plants was low mortality rates ranging from 10% to 23.3%. The larval stage was affected in all the extracts tested, both in A. gemmatalis as in S. frugiperda. The duration of the pupal stage of S. frugiperda was not affected in ethyl acetate extracts of P. aduncum and ethanol of P. hispidinervum. The weight of the pupae of both insects was reduced by all extracts of the two plants. Changes in the length and width of the pupae were observed only in P. hispidinervum extracts. Malformations in pupae and adults of A. gemmatalis occurred in hexane extract of P. hispidnervum. These effects can be explained by the presence of phenylpropanoids and sesquiterpenes in P. aduncum extracts and phenylpropanoids, sesquiterpenes, a monoterpene and a flavonoid in P. hispidinervum identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Thus, these plants could present potential insecticide in control of A. gemmatalis and S. frugiperda.