Análise de um motor ciclo diesel operando com biodiesel aditivado com nanopartículas de óxido de alumínio

Abstract

The present work proposed to experimentally analyze the performance and gaseous emissions of a diesel cycle internal combustion engine, operating with mixtures of biodiesel and aluminum oxide nanoparticles. Due to the growing concern about environmental degradation and deterioration of the atmosphere, a mitigation of the harmful effects on nature linked to the use of fossil fuels is needed. However, it is expected that with the addition of biodiesel, some problems with this biofuel, such as lower combustion efficiency and higher consumption, can be improved, which prevent it from fully replacing diesel oil. Studies carried out in the area prove the effectiveness of these additives on biodiesel, with reports of very significant reductions in gaseous emission rates and improvements in engine performance. The engine used in the tests was from the manufacturer Agrale, model M90, single cylinder, direct injection, in its original configuration. To provide energy support, a three-phase electrical generator was mounted next to the engine. The exhaust gas temperature was measured using a type K thermocouple. A gas analyzer made it possible to analyze the levels of gases produced from combustion, such as levels of oxygen, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Fuel consumption was evaluated by measuring the mass of fuel that was reduced in the tank during the engine's operating time. Concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 ppm of aluminum oxide were used in the mixtures. For adequate homogenization of these mixtures, the ultrasound method was used. During the tests, engine power and frequency and exhaust gas temperature were monitored. The efficiency, fuel consumption, and exhaust gas emissions parameters were analyzed. The values obtained were compared with the performance and emissions of the engine powered by S500 diesel oil and B100 biodiesel. Satisfactory results were found for reducing CO, CO2, and NOX emissions, increasing fuel efficiency, in addition to reducing fuel consumption. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]