Mulheres, intelectuais e professoras : a história das mulheres pelo olhar feminino de historiadoras da região colonial italiana do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the study of the life trajectories, teaching experiences, and scientific production of Caxias do Sul's female teachers and historians: Cleci Eulalia de Favaro, Heloisa Delia Eberle Bergamaschi, Loraine Slomp Giron, and Maria Abel Machado. Throughout their academic and professional lives, they conducted research on the History of Women in the Italian Colonial Region (RCI). The main objective of this text was to investigate their life paths and professional development that led these teachers to become researchers in the History of omen while contributing to the education of teachers in the Metropolitan Region of Caxias do Sul. The defended thesis marks the life paths and scientific production of four Caxias do Sul historians and professors who played a prominent role in constructing the History of Women in the Italian Colonial Region. They also distinguished themselves in the production and mediation of regional history knowledge. As intellectuals and professors, they held leadership positions in the Department of History and Geography at the University of Caxias do Sul from 1961 to 2010. Their research culminated in publications that brought the discussion of women's work to the forefront, especially in the 1990s. This initiative can be understood as a form of feminism, even if not explicitly identified by that term. The theoretical and methodological approach of this study is rooted in the perspective of Cultural History in dialogue with the History of Education by Bastos (2016) and the History of Women by authors Perrot (1997, 2005, 2008), Soihet (2007), Rago (1995, 2019), Colling (2015), Pedro (1997, 2005, 2012), Louro (1997, 2000), Pinto (2003, 2010), Méndez (2017), and Prinsky (2012). For these analyses, concepts such as Gender by Scott (1989, 1994, 2012); Intellectual Mediators by Gomes (2018) and Sebrian (2017); Biography and Autobiography by Bueno (2021); and Representation by Chartier (2002) and Ego-document by Cunha (2019) were mobilized. Regarding methodology, Content Analysis by Bardin (1977) was employed for constructing biographies and life trajectories, along with the assumptions of Oral History. The historians reated representations of immigrant women and their descendants that deviate from the stereotypical pattern shaped bypatriarchy. This study delves into the history of women who conducted research on the history of other women. The History of Women, as portrayed by these respective historians, represents determined and dynamic women who, in their roles as aughters, sisters, wives, mothers, daughters-in law, and sisters-in-law, had to manage work in small properties, service provision, and also as labor in the nascent industry of Caxias do Sul. The research conducted by these four historians on women revealed the protagonism of women in regional scientific production on the History of Women, from a perspective of diverse feminisms. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]