O impacto da idade na funcionalidade e no prognóstico de marcha de amputados transfemorais e transtibiais em fase de pré-protetização

Abstract

Lower limb amputation triggers a series of functional consequences in the locomotor system during gait, which is directly influenced by factors such as amputation level and patient's age. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of age on the functionality and gait prognosis of transfemoral and transtibial amputees in the pre-prosthetic phase. It was an analytical and cross-sectional research, with a sample composed of 38 adult and elderly individuals, divided into two groups (TTG: transtibial group and TFG: transfemoral group). The level of functionality was assessed using the Amputee Mobility Predictor (AMP); the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). For data analysis, descriptive statistics and the Spearman correlation test (p≤0.05) were used. Individuals in the TFG group showed worse functional performance than the TTG group, where it was observed that the higher the AMP, FIM and K-level results, the lower the participant's age. Still, the older the patient, the worse the performance on the TUG test. In the TFG group, all correlations with age were significant (AMP - p=0.000; K-level - p=0.004; FIM - p=0.000; TUG - p=0.000). In the TTG group, there was significance only for the TUG test result (p=0.002). It is concluded that elderly people with lower limb amputation at transfemoral level have worse functionality and are more susceptible to an unfavorable outcome in terms of gait prognosis, with age being a determining factor in this process. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]