A política nacional sobre mudança do clima e sua implementação pelo Estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the implementation of the National Policy on Climatical Change (PNMC) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Initially, it sought to research the historical context of climate and climatic change, the main scientific studies and international standards, and the climatic impacts and risks already evidenced by science. Secondly, the PNMC was analyzed, along with its objectives, principles, instruments, guidelines and public policies, as well as the constitutional competencies related to climate. And finally, the implementation of the PNMC in the state of Rio Grande do Sul was analyzed, through the institution of the Gaucho Policy on Climate Change, the public policies of strategies to combat climate change, with the institution of PROCLIMA2050, and compliance by the state of Rio Grande do Sul with the national targets. The approach was hypothetical-deductive, based on the central hypothesis that the state of Rio Grande do Sul is incipient in confronting and complying with the goals and programs established by the PNMC, and that it is also necessary to improve public programs and policies to prevent extreme weather events. The hypothesis was partially confirmed, as the state of Rio Grande do Sul is not incipient in tackling climate change, as it has climate legislation and policies, but there is still a need to improve the programs, especially the protection of the Pampa Biome, which is completely absent from the Gaucho Policy, and the establishment of the State Disaster Risk Management Policy - PEGRS. The conclusion is that there needs to be transparency about climate governance in relation to the Gaucho Policy on Climate Change, suggesting the development of a standard for protecting the Pampa biome, and the definitive progress of the State Disaster Risk Management Policy - PEGRS, due to the proven vulnerability of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]