Serviços de saúde mental disponibilizados por tecnologias digitais para organizações brasileiras: análise de evidências científicas

Abstract

As a result of digital transformation, mental health services made available by digital technologies to Brazilian organizations are already a reality, with gaps in scientific knowledge. This research aimed to analyze scientific evidence in mental health services made available by digital technologies to Brazilian organizations. To this end, its specific objectives were to map the services and their characteristics, examine scientific evidence and systematize criteria to qualify the decisions of organizations regarding the adoption of services, through a protocol of technical guidelines. For this, a qualitative, cross-sectional and exploratory study was carried out, through digital documentary research to map the services and their characteristics, as well as by conducting semi-structured interviews with five professionals responsible for organizations that provide mental health services made available by digital technologies. Among the results, 51 services were categorized based on the WHO and ILO (2022) and Guimarães et al. (2022) guidelines, together with the psychosocial factors perspectives of Zanelli and Kanan (2019). The mapped services mostly presented individual interventions, with group services perceived in less than a third of the services and organizational interventions demonstrated at least partially in 6 of the 51 mapped services. Scientific evidence was identified in 9 of the 51 services, although 25 services supported their credibility through knowledge, skilled professionals, and validated or evidence-based instruments and approaches. The results showed that most solutions use techniques and tools based on the expertise of professionals, with little support in scientific evidence or with studies in the publication phase, as the initial stage of research in the area, where technological development is faster than scientific development at the moment. Based on the knowledge acquired, two technical products were built: a protocol of technical guidelines to guide decisions of contracting organizations on the adoption of mental health services through digital technologies, with positive initial evaluations, and a proposal for an extension activity to be developed to raise awareness among professionals with an interface and influence on mental health in organizations. Finally, it is recommended that all professionals and organizations involved base their mental health interventions and strategies on the best available evidence, as well as work to provide safe, decent and supportive conditions for all as drivers in promoting the mental health of the population. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]