Conversão termoquímica de Bagaço de Semente de Nabo Forrageiro (BSNF) em um reator rotativo

Abstract

The fodder radish has extensive use in agriculture and the oil from its seed is an important feedstock in biodiesel production. However, the extraction of the oil from the seed by pressing generates a residue (fodder radish seed cake - FRSC) that does not has any application. In this work, this residue was pyrolysed in a rotary kiln reactor in different rotation speeds (0, 3 and 6 rpm) and inert gas flow rates (0.25; 0.75 and 1.25 L/min). Pyrolysis of the FRSC bran (oil free) was also carried to investigate the effect of the residual oil present in the FRSC on the products of the pyrolysis. The experiments show that the optimal rotation speed for bio-oil production is 3 rpm, with bio-oil yield of 60.99 wt.%. The experiments carried at different inert flow rates indicated an increase of the bio-oil yield at inert flow rate of 1.25 L/min. The presence of the residual oil in the biomass increases bio-oil yield; the pyrolysis of the bran (oil free) presented bio-oil yield of 49.34 wt.%. The biochar obtained in the three rotation conditions have similar physical-chemical composition, with potential to be applied in the soil to improve its fertility. The non-condensable gases, presented high CO2 content, and, consequently, have poor energy content, being not interesting for industrial uses. The bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of the FRSC and its bran showed distinct chemical composition. The bio-oil obtained from the FRSC presented, beyond aromatics, amines, amides and nitriles (nitrogen containing functions). The bio-oil obtained from the FRSC bran presented higher aromatics content than the FRSC bio-oil and presenting lesser contents of amides and amines and absence of nitriles. The bio-oil obtained from the FRSC at 3 rpm presented the more adequate physical-chemical properties for use in industry and for energy production. Due to the composition, the bio-oils can be used as fuels, to obtain chemicals and as a feedstock in gasification process.