Os círculos de construção de paz como instrumento na prevenção das violências na escola

Abstract

Violence, in its various forms, has been a persistent challenge in society, affecting different groups and contexts, including the school environment. This study analyzes the occurrence of violence in schools and investigates the use of Peace Building Circles (from now on referred to as PBC) as a strategy for preventing and mitigating conflicts. The research problem focused on understanding the dimensions of violence in the social context that enter or develop in the school context, as well as highlighting the methodology of the PBC as a technique to minimize and face conflicts and violence in the school environment, as well as identifying and analyzing publications such as booklets, folders and magazines that refer to the use of PBC in the State Public School Network of the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, especially in elementary and high school, expanding to publications targeted at the entire school community. The research was based on a qualitative approach, using bibliographic review and document analysis. The theoretical deepening resulted from this immersion in bibliographic research, selecting 55 scientific articles, accessed in the CAPES databases, using the keywords: "Peace Building Circle", "Violence" and "Violence in Schools". The selection criteria included publications from the last five years and direct references to the topic. The results indicate that school violence mirrors broader structural and cultural problems, and the visibility of the extent of personal, relational, structural and cultural violence. In this scenario, the PBC emerges as a promising methodological approach to restore relationships and promote peace in the school environment. This methodology, based on dialogue and active listening, aims to disseminate its potential in preventing conflicts and face violence. The documentary research complemented the analysis, highlighting the records on the implementation of the PBC contained in school environment publications, propagated on the internet. The study presents results on the chapter, "Violence and Peacebuilding Circles in the School Environment: Theoretical Basis and Transformative Approaches", and addresses the typology of violence, the concepts of peace and the foundations of Restorative Justice (hereinafter RJ). To this end, authors such as Arendt, Charlot, Abramovay, Galtung, Bauman, Minayo, Caroline Boys-Watson and Kay Pranis are mentioned. Next, "Educational Strategies and Teaching Resources for Promoting a Culture of Peace in Schools" are presented, resulting from the analysis of teaching materials used in public and private schools in the Southern Region of Brazil, highlighting the importance of propagating these initiatives to build a safer and more humanized educational environment. As a technical product of this research, an explanatory digital folder on the PBC was developed for the community in general and another for students, presenting a more targeted structure, aiming to expand knowledge about this methodology and encourage its adoption in more schools. Among the contributions of the study, the relevance of the PBC as effective tools in promoting a culture of peace in the school environment and in trengthening human values is highlighted, as well as the use of digital resources in preparing for the confrontation of conflicts and violence. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]