Sistemas de capitais como método de análise da economia criativa para o desenvolvimento baseado no conhecimento na cidade de Bento Gonçalves

Abstract

Cities which grow based on the industrial model are becoming increasingly larger, demanding more inputs and generating higher spendings and waste. The result perspective expected for this approach is the environmental, economic and social collapse, when cities exceed the manageable limits to its growth. In the post-industrial economy, in knowledge societies, this development model to cities is no longer functional and a development model which addresses the social, economic and environmental issues is required. In this case fits the knowledge based development (KBD). The KBD seeks sustainable development through social knowledge processes that value endogeneity, potentialties and local resources. This is related to the creative economy (CE), which is based on creativity, knowledge and culture, renewable and intangible raw materials. Insofar as it is possible to implement policies that allow CE democratize the creating, storing, sharing and using knowledge processes, creative economy could act as a socio-economic development factor. For this, reliable and structured information is needed. In governmental documents lack of a method that provides data needed for CE analysis and development has already manifested, adapted to local conditions. The KBD has a method for assessing and monitoring the city capitals: the capital system (CS). The CS has a complete taxonomy with indicators which are also related to CE. Then, the dissertation aims to study the capital systems’ dimensions that can structure the creative economy analysis for the KBD. Data collection was carried out through a single case study in Bento Gonçalves city. The research used mixed methods approach with concurrent triangulation strategy from Creswell and Clark (2011). The CS methodology was aplyed, and the analysis was driven to creative economy, based on the SEC (2011) principles, Florida’s 3T’s theory (2005) and the Brazilian CE sectorization (2011). Relationships on CS with all these elements were found in the analysis. As a result it was possible to build a framework that relates the CS capitals with the CE on the studied city. Results also reveal the cities’ CE assets and liabilities which configure a set of subsidies that can foster the KBD as well as public policies which take to development alternatives consistent with the society expectations.