Do nexo causal à imputação coletiva: a responsabilidade civil ambiental na sociedade de risco

Abstract

Nowadays the humanity coexists with the environmental crisis that elapses from the excessive use of the natural resources to propitiate the socioeconomic development. In such a way, the environmental protection is basic in the present time and it is legacy of welfare and health to the future generations. The environment protection trials comprise mechanisms, among them, the liability´s institute that acts as a powerful protection and intervention form in the Environmental Law. Thus, the present study approaches the causal nexus´ problems in the environmental liability under the standpoint of the risk society, while the damages have new forms and diffuse proportions, whose consequences are shown in the environmental liability´s traditional bases change. The uncertainties are the only certainty and the risks decisions start to integrate the comment of the causal relations in the social context of the risk. Initially, this study displays the traditional liability´s aspects in the juridical dogmatic, but they are dimensioned to the ecological damage. The study encloses the causality´s theories and their insufficiencies before the context of the risk society. It detaches the causal nexus´ problems for the environmental adversities´ complexity. It approaches still the reasons of the causality´s crisis. It demonstrates the influence of the risk society in the causal nexus and, at the end, it presents the causal context s new theories as strategies to management of the causality´s crisis with the yearning of adjusting the new social and juridical contexts with the effective responsibility about the environment.