Imaginário do professor: a legitimação da docência no romance Capitães de Areia, de Jorge Amado

Abstract

This work presents as a starting point the questioning about the role of the teacher and how it manifests itself in Brazilian society. For this, we selected the 1930s, a specific period in Brazilian literature, in which different authors present the teacher as a character in their works. The main work for analysis is the novel Captains of the Sands, by Jorge Amado, whose character called Professor has only the name, not the office and the teacher training. As a comparison, we will cite the works of Graciliano Ramos (São Bernardo), Rachel de Queiroz (O quinze), Erico Verissimo (Caminhos cruzados) and Cyro dos Anjos (Abdias), in which the characters, teachers, have a formation and exercise the teaching. The methodology adopted is the bibliographical research and the analysis of the novel in relation to the historical and social context of the 1930s, with an approach to the history of Brazilian education and to the legislations related to the teacher career. In order to answer the questions of this research, the main theoretical basis is represented by thinkers of the social imaginary, such as Michel Maffesoli, Bronislaw Backzo, Gaston Bachelard and Gilbert Durand. Other authors from different areas complement the research carried out as bibliographic support in the construction of knowledge of social expectations in relation to the role of the teacher.