Avaliação de geometria de encaixe em próteses cranianas obtidas através de técnicas de manufatura aditiva

Abstract

Many academic papers address cranial reconstruction techniques using computational resources, but little is found about the fit analysis of these cranial caps. The present work aims to make a fitting analysis between cranial cap and skull in order to facilitate the surgical process of cranial restoration through surgical planning. The analysis was performed by means of computed tomographies and 3D reconstruction software such as InVesalius (CTI Renato Archer) and Magics (Materialise). For the study, twelve cases of cranial defects were made available, which after analysis, eight groups of geometric elements were identified, which were: depressions in fitting geometry, protrusion profiles on the outer surface, protrusion profiles in the inner surface, partial skull cutting, calcification regions, protrusions in fitting geometry, recesses on fitting geometry and thin thickness regions. For each defect, an analysis was performed from the perspective of possible problems in the manufacture of mold for the cranial cap and subsequent extraction of the same. The fit defect during the surgery process was also analyzed. The results of the work were discussed with specialist surgeons in the area, showing that in fact the suggested processes can be adopted, assisting the surgical procedure and served as a source of information for studies of the individualities of each patient in addition to ensuring a more natural form of the cranial cap when compared to conventional processes. Future work is needed in the area in order to further assist the surgical procedure. With a better understanding of surgical procedures, tools used and efforts involved, it can be developed cuts templates built especially for the tools used by surgeons in order to eliminate such geometric elements (sic).