O artista periférico: das margens do mundo para o centro da arte

Abstract

This study presents an investigation about the motivations that influence the insertion of peripheral artists in the art system, in particular, about the exoticization process. For this objective, the structure of the art system is analyzed firstly from its actors and then from its present and historical processes. Subsequently, the study reviews concepts necessary to understand the social processes that influence the formulation of policies and values in the art system and market, such as differentiation, fixation, normalization, classification, representation and idealization of identities - which oftenly are attached to the exoticization process. Next, data related to the presence of peripheral artists at the Venice Biennale - in the 1990, 2001 and 2019 editions - and 2019 art sales rankings are analyzed. Finally, an integrative synthesis between the information obtained from the consulted sources is made, resulting in the exposition of the reasons that may cause the insertion of peripheral artists in the art system. This study is structured in reference to the theoretical contribution of art theory, decolonial, socio-cultural and historical studies and, moreover, to the ASAC DATI archives and the reports from Artprice.com. Among the authors used, they are part of the theoretical contribution Memmi (1967), Wallerstein (1974), Canclini (1989), Bhabha (1998), Cauquelin (2005), Moulin (2007), Fleck (2014) and Thompson (2012). The results show that there are several factors that influence the insertion of peripheral artists, and that exoticization is one of them [resumo fornecido pelo autor].