“Prevalência e configuração anatômica de canais em forma de C em segundos molares inferiores no sul do brasil: avaliação em tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico’’

Abstract

Assess the morphology and prevalence of C-Shaped mandibular second molars (MnSM), as well as the root canal configuration (RCC) of MnSM, available on Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) exams located in the Clínica de Radiologia do Curso de Odontologia da UCS archives. Methodology: A total of 416 files referring to CBCT exams of patients carried out in the period from August 2018 to August 2020 were included. From those, 196 patients filled the inclusion criteria, totalizing 291 teeth studied (95 right and left bilateral and 101 unilateral). First, the RCC of MnSM with separated mesial (M) and distal (D) roots were registered. Following that, the prevalence and type of C shaped canals was established, measured in intervals of 2mm, from apical to cervical, as well as the presence and extension of sulcus and slits in the buccal and lingual surfaces. Results: The MnSM presented two separated roots (M and D) in 262 cases, (90,03%) and C shaped canals in 29 cases (9,97%). The most prevalent RCC in mesial and distal roots was the Type 4 (two root canals) (37,4%) and Type 1 (one root canal) respectively. A total of 145 (55,4%) and 116 (44,3%) MnSM presented one root canal and two root canals, respectively, in the M root. In the D root, 258 (98,5%) and 4 (1,5%) MnSM presented one canal and two canals, respectively. The C configuration of the root canal, through the extension of the radicular length, showed up to be highly variable. The presence of a deep lingual sulcus occurred in 62,1% of the cases, being or not being associated with a buccal slit in 24,1% and 38% of the cases (Type 1 and 2) respectively. The presence of a deep buccal sulcus occurred in 37,9% of the samples, being or not being associated with a lingual slit in 10,3% and 27,6% of cases (Type 3 and 4) respectively. There was no association between the presence of a C shaped canal and the patient?s gender (P=0,426). Conclusion: The prevalence of C shaped MnSM was 9,97%, with the configuration of the canal varying over the root length. Most of the C shaped molars features a deep lingual sulcus. When the MnSM features two separate roots, the most prevalent anatomical configuration in the M root is that of two root canals, and, in the D root, a single root canal (95,5%). [resumo fornecido pelo autor]