Avaliação da percepção ambiental sobre o uso da bicicleta como uma alternativa de mobilidade urbana sustentável no município de Caxias do Sul (RS)

Abstract

Cities in Brazil grew in a disorderly way. The encouragement of individual transport and the decline of public transport are compromising the sustainability of urban mobility. It is necessary to redemocratize public spaces in order to prioritize sustainable urban mobility, and the bicycle is able to be the transforming agent and fulfill its sustainable role. The objective of this work is to evaluate the environmental perception on the use of the bicycle as an alternative of sustainable urban mobility in the city of Caxias do Sul. Initially, the systematic review of Sampaio and Mancini (2007) was carried out and the literary review, later, selected 3 focus groups (Municipal Traffic, Transport and Mobility - SMTTM, Cyclists and Population in general) according to the Macroergonomic Design (DM) by Fogliatto and Guimarães (1999) with a participatory character. Then, interviews, creation and application of questionnaires were carried out with the groups, using the Snowball methodology (Vinuto, 2014). 75 interviews were carried out and 486 questionnaires were answered. Significance tests and the non-parametric Chi-Square test were applied to the results found using the IBM® SPSS® statistics tool. Most respondents were male, aged between 31-40 years and had completed higher education, and it was possible to establish a relationship between the possibility of using bicycles in the city and the parameters of sex and age in some groups, but it was not possible establish a correlation with the education parameter. Through Google Earth it was possible to develop maps with possible cycling routes based on the opinion of the groups. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]