Análise dos impactos oriundos de sombreamento e microfissura sobre a geração de energia elétrica em painéis solares

Abstract

The increase of energy generation by photovoltaic systems is due to the environmental concern and the added cost benefit to the sector. With that in mind, there is a concern that photovoltaic systems are installed correctly so that their generation is not affected. The installation of photovoltaic systems in shaded places during the day may be harmful to the generation system due to the formation of hot spots on the modules or decrease the electric generation. Likewise, when a photovoltaic module is installed with micro cracks or cracks resulting from torsions or poor installation, it can also harm the electrical generation of the system and, it may even render the photovoltaic module unusable. Thus, the work aims to quantify in percentage how much these two disturbances that affect the generation of photovoltaic systems. The I-V and P-V curves and with the aid of a computer simulation system to characterization method. However, the results for the shading projected horizontally had greater losses, being that with only 15% of the shaded module the generation decreases close to zero. As for the vertical shading of the module, due to the action of the deviation diodes it supports a greater shading, however when it is shaded 50% the generation decreases to 25.3% of the nominal. For micro-cracked power losses when a torsion is applied that causes a 5 ° vertical stress on the module, the losses are close to 10%. With the values related to power losses due to shading and micro cracks, simulations are performed for the performance of a photovoltaic system connected to the electrical grid. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]