Estudo de um sistema de refrigeração de ultrabaixa temperatura no transporte de vacinas utilizando fluidos refrigerantes naturais

Abstract

At the end of 2019 a global pandemic occured, caused by the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In view of the global immunization campaign against COVID-19, the cold chain has become even more prominent in international logistics. In order to improve the technologies of the large-scale transport process, cascade refrigeration systems are an alternative for containers that transport vaccines in ultra-low temperature (−70 ºC). As the proposed international policies seek for the use of ecologically correct refrigerants, the aim is to design a cascade refrigeration system for ultra-low temperature using natural refrigerants. For this, thermodynamic modeling was elaborated using the EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software through the mass and energy balances of the proposed system, furthermore the components were dimensioned, proposing a system similar to the real one. Using these two systems, comparisons were made between four pairs of fluids, namely R170/R1270, R170/R290, R1150/R1270 and R1150/R290. The results showed that among the thermodynamic simulations, the configuration that presented the best COP was the fluid pair R170/R1270, with a value of 0,6857. For the dimensioned system, the R1150/R1270 fluid pair presented the best COP, with a value of 0,6543. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]