As moedas digitais na disputa pela ordem monetária internacional entre China e Estados Unidos

Abstract

In the context of international business, digital currencies are emerging as an innovation with the potential to drive significant changes in the international monetary system. This trend is evidenced by the advancement of central bank digital currency (CBDC) projects, particularly the e-CNY, an initiative led by China, which, together with the development of stablecoins, especially those backed by the U.S. dollar, signals possible transformations in global payment systems. In this context, marked by the hegemony of the U.S. dollar as the main currency in international trade, it becomes pertinent to analyze the implications of this evolving scenario. This study aimed to discuss the role of digital currencies in the economic and monetary competition between China and the United States. To this end, a qualitative exploratory study was conducted, based on a literature review and observation at an event featuring specialists in digital currencies and the financial market. The results revealed that, although the topic calls for further studies and regulatory developments due to its contemporary nature, digital currencies are advancing toward practical applications in international trade, with Brazilian companies already conducting transactions in this format. In the global landscape, China and the United States follow distinct strategies consistent with their political-economic profiles: China, with a more centralized system, is investing heavily in the development of its CBDC, while the United States, with a more liberal profile, encourages the use of dollar-backed stablecoins. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]