Associação entre os níveis séricos do marcador de permeabilidade intestinal zonulina e alimentação

Abstract

Introduction: Zonulin is a protein that modulates the opening of narrow junctions in the small intestine, associated with increased intestinal permeability. Objective: To evaluate the association between food consumption and serum zonulin levels. Methods: Cross-sectional study, including 73 individuals. Zonulin concentrations were assessed by serum samples, using the ELISA kit. Food intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire validated for the population of southern Brazil. Comparison analyzes between groups with low and high zonulin, correlation analyzes and focused main component analysis were used to verify the association of dietary components and food groups with zonulin levels. Sensitivity analyzes were performed including only good rapporteurs, using Goldberg and Black index between 0.76 and 1.24. Results: The group with the lowest zonulin levels had the highest consumption of total fats (78.11±14.27 vs. 70.34±18.90 g/day; p=0.043), polyunsaturated fatty acids (20.91±7.21 vs. 17.51±7.15 g/day; p=0.047) and saturated [22.7(20.7 - 24.9) vs. 20.9(18.7-23.7); p=0.036], as well as among good rapporteurs (p<0.05).There was a negative correlation between zonulin levels and the glycemic index of the diet (-0.261;p=0.026) and (-0.340; p=0.043), polyunsaturated fatty acid (-0.241; p=0.040) and (-0.480; p=0.003) respectively in the total sample and among the good rapporteurs, Total Lipids (-0.341; p=0.042) among the good rapporteurs. In the main component analysis focused, there was an inverse relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acids and zonulin, in the group of good rapporteurs. Conclusion: The highest intake of polyinstaturated fatty acids is associated with lower levels of serum zonulin in humans. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]