Mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo e a proteção dos bens comuns ambientais : a disciplina jurídica dos créditos de carbono lida no contexto da cúpula das américas e da adesão ao ajuste estrutural do Estado

Abstract

The ecological heritage, as well as other goods of collective ownership corresponding to human rights, became liable of commercialization in the neoliberal context. The environment, integrant good of the list of fundamental rights and duties provided by the Constitution of 1988, is a common use of everyone, directed to the satisfaction of the most elementary needs related to life and dignity. In this perspective, the theme of carbon credits refers to the geopolitis theme of funds, which is the conflict between the via of privatization of natural resources and the via of protection of the environment as a common heritage. This way, upon the analytical theoretical directing based on the dialectical method and on the methodology denominated analysis of content, it was searched to answer the research questions: Do the mechanisms of clean development and the carbon credit commerce constitute a structural arrangement of the State? And, still, such mechanisms offer, since their creation, an important or indispensable contribution for the control of climate changes, about to be taken as a sufficient measure of environmental preservation on this slope? In a few words, what are the advantages and limitations of these mechanisms since the juridical point of view, considering its efficacy potential? Through the analysis of documents provenient from the meeting of the Cupola of Americas, allied to the appropriation of the theoretical and conceitual display of David Harvey, is intended to do the reading and interpretation of the conjuncture in which were created the mechanisms of clean development and the carbon credits, in order to offer elements to a critical academic analysis of the political-juridic problem of climate changes.