Análise in silico da expressão diferencial de genes em câncer de cabeça e pescoço

Abstract

Head and neck cancer is a term used as denomination for a cancer group that occurs above the clavicle. Due to the anatomy particularity those cancer types tend to be aggressive and disfiguring. Generally, cancers are genetics pathologies diverging from the normal cellular phenotype, causing an uncontrollably cell division, which invade nearby tissues and cause body damage. The phenotype alteration can be identified by changes in the gene expression patterns of normal tissues. The molecular technology evolution has allowed the obtaining a larger volume of data, which has been deposited on public repositories as the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and Gene expression omnibus database (GEO) allowing new discoveries. In this regard, this work aims the identification of differentially expressed genes on head and neck cancer using data by those public repositories. Due to the sampling particularity the data analysis was divide at 2 groups: Oral Cavity Cancer and Thyroid Cancer. The data was prepared and organized using the R environment, and after submitted to statistics with the cut off p<0,05 and log2FC >|1|. After the DEGs identification survival curves were performed and literature researched. As results it was obtained 4 DEGs for oral cavity cancer: LOXL2, FAT1, SOD3 and DPT and 12 DEGs for thyroid cancer: CRABP1, CSGALNCT1, WSCD2, ITM2A, ID3, PAX9, SELENBPQ, TNFRS11B, SDPR, LRP1B, MT1F, SGK22. With the survival curve FAT1, CRABP1, ITM2A and ID3 evidence prognostic potential. All the DEGs identified on this work had papers describing their relation with cancer. CSGALNCT1 has only descriptions about the genic family. Molecular works are needed for confirmation about use of these genes as biomarkers. This way, the results found here have scientific contribution. At the same time this work could contribute for futures research and help at new discoveries about diagnostics and prognostics. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]