Reconhecimento e pertencimento na migração internacional: percurso e possibilidades

Abstract

The central theme of this paper is the study of international migration, specifically the path and possibilities of finding recognition and building belonging in the host nation. The research problem aimed to answer the following question: which elements are essential for building recognition and a sense of belonging in the host country for international migrants? The main goal was to understand the path and possibilities for international migrants to be recognized by the national individual, establishing connections between legal recognition and the construction of a sense of belonging in the host country, highlighting the essential elements in this process. The dialectical-critical materialist method was chosen to understand the social reality of this trajectory by using the following categories: historicity, totality, contradiction and mediation. This research is considered to have a qualitative approach and its procedures are bibliographical and documental review. This exploratory investigation used some classic authors such as Zygmunt Bauman, Norbert Elias, Lev Semenovitch Vygotsky and Axel Honneth. The authors stress the existence of an identity that is currently fluid and dynamic, an aspect that leverages the exclusion of the migrant by the national individual, despite their search for stability and state protection. Brazil's Migration Legislation, which is considered avant-garde, has encountered countless difficulties in its implementation, demonstrating that the nation's political stance towards migrants has not changed historically, despite of the current legislation. The researched authors who talk about belonging stress several aspects involved in this process, such as individual differences, cultural and relational aspects, among others. Despite the limitations of this study, it has allowed us to conclude that legal recognition, which is the responsibility of the State, is intertwined with subjective recognition and that it is possible to build a sense of belonging in the host country. This, however, depends on various factors: subjective issues of each individual and their life trajectory, relational aspects, the support network they will build, as well as cultural aspects - essentially, the language directly impacts on the inclusion since it carries meanings beyond linguistic signs, but, mainly, the way they are seen by the national individual. The "look" of the national individual towards the migrant is an essential element in building belonging in the new nation, but it will depend on an internal willingness to welcome diversity. These conclusions have allowed us to glimpse some possibilities and notice the importance of the social worker's work with migration. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]