Avaliação de diferentes complexos biológicos no controle de pérola da terra (Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Wille, 1922)) na cultura de Vitis vinifera - cultivar chardonnay

Abstract

One of the challenges of current agriculture is the production of food with less interference with the agricultural system. The implementation of ecologically based/regenerative agricultural practices is essential for achieving healthy and more resilient production systems. In this sense, understanding strategies to control the pest Eurhizococcus brasiliensis is necessary. The objective of this work was to analyze the impact of different inoculants on the development of Vitis vinifera from the Chardonnay cultivar and evaluate the diversity of microorganisms involved in the suppressiveness of E. brasiliensis. In the field experiment, biological inputs were used by immersion or application in the cradle of the root system, by Trichoderma sp, Metarhizium sp, Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, in addition to other compounds such as Hidrogel®, Compost Aid®, biofertilizer based on castor beans , Nem Out®, Microgeo®, CMM - Microbial Complexes and their Metabolites, and EMN - Efficient Microorganisms Natives. The diversity of cultivable microorganisms, identified by 16S rDNA analysis, for bacteria and ITS for fungi or microbial communities by metagenomics, in material from microbial fermentations and in soil treatments, was evaluated. Length of branches, number of leaves, population of earth pearl cysts and dead vine plants after 22 months of planting the seedlings were also evaluated. Using the methodology for analyzing cultivable microorganisms, it was possible to identify different groups of bacteria from the EMN (EM), CMM (FC), soil, SEF (Soil + CMM + EMN) and SFM (Soil + CMM + Microgeo) samples. They are mainly represented by the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, followed by Mycobacterium and Pseudomonadota among others. The genera Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Comamonas, representatives of the Phylum Proteobacteria, were also identified, followed by the genus Mycobacterium - Phylum Actinomycetota and Kluyvera Phylum Pseudomonadota. Regarding the group of fungi, the prevalence occurred with the genus Mucor identified in most of the treatments sampled. In the genetic sequencing analysis, a greater quantity of beneficial fungi was verified in the T5 treatment, which explains the suppressive activity and the greater length of branches, number of leaves and reduction of cysts of the pearl of the earth occurred mainly in the treatments that received CMM, EMN and other microbial complexes. These results show that the inoculation of beneficial microorganisms can enhance soil ecology, significantly promoting the development of vines and reducing the number of earth pearl cysts. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]