Importações brasileiras de fertilizantes e exportações de milho: uma análise das modificações desses fluxos após o início do conflito entre Rússia e Ucrânia

Abstract

The armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine affects international trade through the difficulties faced by the countries involved in marketing their main products, due to trade and economic sanctions, the destruction of territory, and the use of labor for military purposes. Brazil's import portfolio for fertilizers was directly impacted by the war, given that Russia is the country's main supplier of this product, which led Brazil to enhance and diversify its supplier markets. Similarly, Brazil's corn export portfolio was boosted at a time when two of the world's main suppliers of this commodity began to face the consequences of the conflict, creating opportunities for Brazilian corn. The full effects of these changes and of the conflict's consequences are still yet to be completely understood. Aiming to identify and analyze the visible changes from the beginning of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine until the present, in Brazil's corn export and fertilizer import portfolios, this study utilizes the collection and analysis of secondary data, especially international trade statistics, presented in the form of comparative tables and graphs. Through the information analyzed, it is possible to observe the development and enhancement of supplier and consumer markets to meet the internal demand for fertilizers and take advantage of the external demand for corn. The conclusions of this study offer general insights for understanding the war's impact on the analyzed sectors of Brazilian international trade, highlight the links between geopolitics and foreign trade, and present data and results that demonstrate the importance and dynamics of these agribusiness segments for both Brazil and the world. [resumo fornecido pelo autor]