Participação política nas decisões estratégicas de preservação da biodiversidade : análise do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente

Abstract

The research theme of the present work is a political participation in the strategic decisions of preservation of biodiversity – analysis of the National Council of the Environment. This study has as the theoretical object the active political participation as an operative aspect of social control in the delimitation of public policies for the conservation of biodiversity. For better systematization, three guiding premises were established: 1) The social control over State actions is only possible with active political participation; 2) The effectiveness of social control over State actions find obstacles to its operationalization; 3) The social control over the state in the environmental issue, at the national level, can be identified through the deliberations made by CONAMA, through the called administrative acts, which legally entitle, active participation of different collective subjects, representatives of the State and civil society. Using the dialectic method, we opted for a quantitative-qualitative or mixed approach, employing the analysis of content through a particular combination of bibliographical and documentary research. The results obtained made it possible to infer that the simple creation of Rights and Public Policy Councils don’t guarantee active participation once they don’t have the power to eliminate the inheritance, the problems and the challenges recorded in the Brazilian political culture. In the same way, they also represent another obstacle to the structural reforms of the State implemented since the 1990s, because, even with the definitions established in the legislation, these aren’t sufficient to reduce the considerable distance between the legal country and the real country. The conclusions achieved aren’t definitive, but allow to affirm, from the theoretical base that guided this work, that the active political participation is really essential, that is, it happens or there isn’t any chance of the social control established in the legal apparatus actually occur. With the study accomplished it hasn’t yet been possible to indicate the path to be followed in order to consolidate the desired social control of the State, once there is a need for further investigation, however, it’s believed that politic is always a way of sharing destinations, not just dominating or direct, and, it requires full use of the democratic resource to dialogue, negotiation, articulation among all involved, that is, it requires active political participation.