A responsabilidade civil objetiva do empregador nos acidentes de trabalho ocorridos dentro da empresa em atividade de risco

Abstract

The present paper is an analysis on civil liability due to labor accidents occurred inside the company and the defense of employer´s objective civil liability on activities exposed to risk. The number of labor accidents increases everyday, arousing a global concern about this issue. Labor accidents are defined in our legal system by Law 8213/91 and include professional diseases, in itinere accidents and some other situations that law determines its equalization to labor accidents. Brazilian Federal Constitution (art. 7º, XXVIII) establishes employer´s liability toward accidents, but determines that it must be due to deceit or guilt of the employer. With the institution of the New Civil Code, Brazilian law system started to establish the objective civil liability when the activity done by the agent, responsible for the damage, causes, by its nature, risk to other people´s rights. Thus, we defend the employer´s objective liability toward to risky activities, considering a systematic interpretation of the caput of the constitutional article previously mentioned and article 927, paragraph, of Civil Code, aiming at a better protection of the victim of the accident. With the progress of the doctrine in some Labor Regional Courts, they are already regarding employer´s objective liability. Labor Supreme Court is still resistant in adopting this theory, but we look forward to an evolution about that.